Example: classify a range

The range 1..11 visits 1 through 10. This program sums the even values.

import std.io

fn main() -> Int {
    let mut total = 0
    for value in 1..11 {
        if (value % 2 == 0) {
            total += value
        }
    }
    println(total)
    return 0
}

Expected output: 30.

Why it works

total is declared mut because compound assignment changes the binding. The for range is half-open, so the end value 11 is excluded. % 2 computes the remainder and == 0 produces the Boolean required by if.

The compiler infers each ordinary integer as Int, keeping %, ==, and += on compatible exact types. Mixing U8 or I64 into the expression would require explicit casts.

Variation: count matches

Replace total += value with total += 1 to count even values rather than sum them. The expected result becomes 5. This variation preserves the same control-flow structure while changing only the accumulator invariant.

Boundaries demonstrated

• for value in 1..11 is an integer range, not collection iteration.
• if is a statement and does not return the selected value.
• The condition must be Bool; if (value % 2) is invalid.
• Loop and branch bodies establish nested lexical scopes.
• return 0 reports success separately from printed program output.